diff --git a/src/cli/install.rs b/src/cli/install.rs
index 833b2f6..4a4a3e0 100644
--- a/src/cli/install.rs
+++ b/src/cli/install.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,24 @@
+use anyhow::Context;
 use clap::Args;
 use pesde::Project;
+use std::collections::HashSet;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Args)]
 pub struct InstallCommand {}
 
 impl InstallCommand {
     pub fn run(self, project: Project) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-        dbg!(project.dependency_graph(None)?);
+        let mut refreshed_sources = HashSet::new();
+        let graph = project
+            .dependency_graph(None, &mut refreshed_sources)
+            .context("failed to build dependency graph")?;
+        let downloaded_graph = project
+            .download_graph(&graph, &mut refreshed_sources)
+            .context("failed to download dependencies")?;
+
+        project
+            .link_dependencies(&downloaded_graph)
+            .context("failed to link dependencies")?;
 
         Ok(())
     }
diff --git a/src/download.rs b/src/download.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9db138
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/download.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+use std::{
+    collections::{BTreeMap, HashSet},
+    fs::create_dir_all,
+};
+
+use crate::{
+    lockfile::{DependencyGraph, DownloadedDependencyGraphNode, DownloadedGraph},
+    source::{pesde::PesdePackageSource, PackageRefs, PackageSource, PackageSources},
+    Project, PACKAGES_CONTAINER_NAME,
+};
+
+impl Project {
+    pub fn download_graph(
+        &self,
+        graph: &DependencyGraph,
+        refreshed_sources: &mut HashSet<PackageSources>,
+    ) -> Result<DownloadedGraph, errors::DownloadGraphError> {
+        let manifest = self.deser_manifest()?;
+
+        let mut downloaded_graph: DownloadedGraph = BTreeMap::new();
+
+        for (name, versions) in graph {
+            for (version, node) in versions {
+                let source = match &node.pkg_ref {
+                    PackageRefs::Pesde(pkg_ref) => {
+                        PackageSources::Pesde(PesdePackageSource::new(pkg_ref.index_url.clone()))
+                    }
+                };
+
+                if refreshed_sources.insert(source.clone()) {
+                    source.refresh(self).map_err(Box::new)?;
+                }
+
+                let container_folder = node.container_folder(
+                    &self
+                        .path()
+                        .join(node.base_folder(manifest.target.kind(), true))
+                        .join(PACKAGES_CONTAINER_NAME),
+                    name,
+                    version,
+                );
+
+                create_dir_all(&container_folder)?;
+
+                let target = source.download(&node.pkg_ref, &container_folder, self)?;
+
+                downloaded_graph.entry(name.clone()).or_default().insert(
+                    version.clone(),
+                    DownloadedDependencyGraphNode {
+                        node: node.clone(),
+                        target,
+                    },
+                );
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(downloaded_graph)
+    }
+}
+
+pub mod errors {
+    use thiserror::Error;
+
+    #[derive(Debug, Error)]
+    #[non_exhaustive]
+    pub enum DownloadGraphError {
+        #[error("error deserializing project manifest")]
+        ManifestDeserializationFailed(#[from] crate::errors::ManifestReadError),
+
+        #[error("failed to refresh package source")]
+        RefreshFailed(#[from] Box<crate::source::errors::RefreshError>),
+
+        #[error("error interacting with filesystem")]
+        Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
+
+        #[error("failed to download package")]
+        DownloadFailed(#[from] crate::source::errors::DownloadError),
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index e02a1ae..e5860f6 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ use crate::lockfile::Lockfile;
 use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 
+pub mod download;
+pub mod linking;
 pub mod lockfile;
 pub mod manifest;
 pub mod names;
@@ -17,6 +19,7 @@ pub mod source;
 pub const MANIFEST_FILE_NAME: &str = "pesde.yaml";
 pub const LOCKFILE_FILE_NAME: &str = "pesde.lock";
 pub const DEFAULT_INDEX_NAME: &str = "default";
+pub const PACKAGES_CONTAINER_NAME: &str = ".pesde";
 
 pub(crate) static REQWEST_CLIENT: Lazy<reqwest::blocking::Client> = Lazy::new(|| {
     reqwest::blocking::Client::builder()
diff --git a/src/linking/generator.rs b/src/linking/generator.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d24531
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/linking/generator.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+use std::path::{Component, Path};
+
+use full_moon::{ast::luau::ExportedTypeDeclaration, visitors::Visitor};
+
+use crate::manifest::Target;
+
+struct TypeVisitor {
+    types: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+impl Visitor for TypeVisitor {
+    fn visit_exported_type_declaration(&mut self, node: &ExportedTypeDeclaration) {
+        let name = node.type_declaration().type_name().to_string();
+
+        let (declaration_generics, generics) =
+            if let Some(declaration) = node.type_declaration().generics() {
+                let mut declaration_generics = vec![];
+                let mut generics = vec![];
+
+                for generic in declaration.generics().iter() {
+                    declaration_generics.push(generic.to_string());
+
+                    if generic.default_type().is_some() {
+                        generics.push(generic.parameter().to_string())
+                    } else {
+                        generics.push(generic.to_string())
+                    }
+                }
+
+                (
+                    format!("<{}>", declaration_generics.join(", ")),
+                    format!("<{}>", generics.join(", ")),
+                )
+            } else {
+                ("".to_string(), "".to_string())
+            };
+
+        self.types.push(format!(
+            "export type {name}{declaration_generics} = module.{name}{generics}\n"
+        ));
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn get_file_types(file: &str) -> Result<Vec<String>, Vec<full_moon::Error>> {
+    let ast = full_moon::parse(file)?;
+    let mut visitor = TypeVisitor { types: vec![] };
+    visitor.visit_ast(&ast);
+
+    Ok(visitor.types)
+}
+
+pub fn generate_linking_module<I: IntoIterator<Item = S>, S: AsRef<str>>(
+    path: &str,
+    types: I,
+) -> String {
+    let mut output = format!("local module = require({path})\n");
+
+    for ty in types {
+        output.push_str(ty.as_ref());
+    }
+
+    output.push_str("return module");
+
+    output
+}
+
+pub fn get_require_path(
+    target: &Target,
+    base_dir: &Path,
+    destination_dir: &Path,
+    use_new_structure: bool,
+) -> Result<String, errors::GetRequirePathError> {
+    let Some(lib_file) = target.lib_path() else {
+        return Err(errors::GetRequirePathError::NoLibPath);
+    };
+
+    let path = pathdiff::diff_paths(destination_dir, base_dir).unwrap();
+    let path = if !use_new_structure {
+        lib_file.to_path(path)
+    } else {
+        path
+    };
+
+    #[cfg(feature = "roblox")]
+    if matches!(target, Target::Roblox { .. }) {
+        let path = path
+            .components()
+            .filter_map(|component| match component {
+                Component::ParentDir => Some(".Parent".to_string()),
+                Component::Normal(part) if part != "init.lua" && part != "init.luau" => {
+                    Some(format!(
+                        "[{:?}]",
+                        part.to_string_lossy()
+                            .trim_end_matches(".lua")
+                            .trim_end_matches(".luau")
+                    ))
+                }
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+            .join("");
+
+        return Ok(format!("script{path}"));
+    };
+
+    let path = path
+        .components()
+        .filter_map(|ct| match ct {
+            Component::ParentDir => Some("..".to_string()),
+            Component::Normal(part) => Some(format!("{}", part.to_string_lossy())),
+            _ => None,
+        })
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        .join("/");
+
+    Ok(format!("./{path}"))
+}
+
+pub mod errors {
+    use thiserror::Error;
+
+    #[derive(Debug, Error)]
+    #[non_exhaustive]
+    pub enum GetRequirePathError {
+        #[error("get require path called for target without a lib path")]
+        NoLibPath,
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/linking/mod.rs b/src/linking/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6022507
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/linking/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+use crate::{
+    linking::generator::get_file_types, lockfile::DownloadedGraph, manifest::Manifest,
+    names::PackageNames, source::PackageRef, Project, MANIFEST_FILE_NAME, PACKAGES_CONTAINER_NAME,
+};
+use semver::Version;
+use std::{collections::BTreeMap, fs::create_dir_all};
+
+pub mod generator;
+
+fn read_manifest(path: &std::path::Path) -> Result<Manifest, errors::LinkingError> {
+    let manifest = std::fs::read_to_string(path.join(MANIFEST_FILE_NAME))?;
+    serde_yaml::from_str(&manifest)
+        .map_err(|e| errors::LinkingError::DependencyManifest(path.display().to_string(), e))
+}
+
+impl Project {
+    pub fn link_dependencies(&self, graph: &DownloadedGraph) -> Result<(), errors::LinkingError> {
+        let manifest = self.deser_manifest()?;
+
+        let mut package_types = BTreeMap::<&PackageNames, BTreeMap<&Version, Vec<String>>>::new();
+
+        for (name, versions) in graph {
+            for (version, node) in versions {
+                let Some(lib_file) = node.target.lib_path() else {
+                    continue;
+                };
+
+                let container_folder = node.node.container_folder(
+                    &self
+                        .path()
+                        .join(node.node.base_folder(manifest.target.kind(), true))
+                        .join(PACKAGES_CONTAINER_NAME),
+                    name,
+                    version,
+                );
+
+                let lib_file = lib_file.to_path(container_folder);
+
+                let contents = match std::fs::read_to_string(&lib_file) {
+                    Ok(contents) => contents,
+                    Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => {
+                        return Err(errors::LinkingError::LibFileNotFound(
+                            lib_file.display().to_string(),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => return Err(e.into()),
+                };
+
+                let types = match get_file_types(&contents) {
+                    Ok(types) => types,
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        return Err(errors::LinkingError::FullMoon(
+                            lib_file.display().to_string(),
+                            e,
+                        ))
+                    }
+                };
+
+                package_types
+                    .entry(name)
+                    .or_default()
+                    .insert(version, types);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (name, versions) in graph {
+            for (version, node) in versions {
+                let base_folder = self.path().join(
+                    self.path()
+                        .join(node.node.base_folder(manifest.target.kind(), true)),
+                );
+                create_dir_all(&base_folder)?;
+                let base_folder = base_folder.canonicalize()?;
+                let packages_container_folder = base_folder.join(PACKAGES_CONTAINER_NAME);
+
+                let container_folder =
+                    node.node
+                        .container_folder(&packages_container_folder, name, version);
+
+                let node_manifest = read_manifest(&container_folder)?;
+
+                if let Some((alias, types)) = package_types
+                    .get(name)
+                    .and_then(|v| v.get(version))
+                    .and_then(|types| node.node.direct.as_ref().map(|(alias, _)| (alias, types)))
+                {
+                    let module = generator::generate_linking_module(
+                        &generator::get_require_path(
+                            &node_manifest.target,
+                            &base_folder,
+                            &container_folder,
+                            node.node.pkg_ref.use_new_structure(),
+                        )?,
+                        types,
+                    );
+
+                    std::fs::write(base_folder.join(format!("{alias}.luau")), module)?;
+                }
+
+                for (dependency_name, (dependency_version, dependency_alias)) in
+                    &node.node.dependencies
+                {
+                    let Some(dependency_node) = graph
+                        .get(dependency_name)
+                        .and_then(|v| v.get(dependency_version))
+                    else {
+                        return Err(errors::LinkingError::DependencyNotFound(
+                            dependency_name.to_string(),
+                            dependency_version.to_string(),
+                        ));
+                    };
+
+                    let dependency_container_folder = dependency_node.node.container_folder(
+                        &packages_container_folder,
+                        dependency_name,
+                        dependency_version,
+                    );
+
+                    let dependency_manifest = read_manifest(&dependency_container_folder)?;
+
+                    let linker_folder = container_folder
+                        .join(dependency_node.node.base_folder(node.target.kind(), false));
+                    create_dir_all(&linker_folder)?;
+                    let linker_folder = linker_folder.canonicalize()?;
+
+                    let linker_file = linker_folder.join(format!("{dependency_alias}.luau"));
+
+                    let module = generator::generate_linking_module(
+                        &generator::get_require_path(
+                            &dependency_manifest.target,
+                            &linker_file,
+                            &dependency_container_folder,
+                            node.node.pkg_ref.use_new_structure(),
+                        )?,
+                        package_types
+                            .get(dependency_name)
+                            .and_then(|v| v.get(dependency_version))
+                            .unwrap(),
+                    );
+
+                    std::fs::write(linker_file, module)?;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub mod errors {
+    use thiserror::Error;
+
+    #[derive(Debug, Error)]
+    #[non_exhaustive]
+    pub enum LinkingError {
+        #[error("error deserializing project manifest")]
+        Manifest(#[from] crate::errors::ManifestReadError),
+
+        #[error("error deserializing manifest at {0}")]
+        DependencyManifest(String, #[source] serde_yaml::Error),
+
+        #[error("error interacting with filesystem")]
+        Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
+
+        #[error("dependency not found: {0}@{1}")]
+        DependencyNotFound(String, String),
+
+        #[error("library file at {0} not found")]
+        LibFileNotFound(String),
+
+        #[error("error parsing Luau script at {0}")]
+        FullMoon(String, Vec<full_moon::Error>),
+
+        #[error("error generating require path")]
+        GetRequirePath(#[from] crate::linking::generator::errors::GetRequirePathError),
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/lockfile.rs b/src/lockfile.rs
index e12d199..0828763 100644
--- a/src/lockfile.rs
+++ b/src/lockfile.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 use crate::{
-    manifest::{DependencyType, OverrideKey},
+    manifest::{DependencyType, OverrideKey, Target, TargetKind},
     names::{PackageName, PackageNames},
-    source::{DependencySpecifiers, PackageRefs},
+    source::{DependencySpecifiers, PackageRef, PackageRefs},
 };
 use semver::Version;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use std::collections::{btree_map::Entry, BTreeMap};
+use std::{
+    collections::{btree_map::Entry, BTreeMap},
+    path::{Path, PathBuf},
+};
+
+pub type Graph<Node> = BTreeMap<PackageNames, BTreeMap<Version, Node>>;
 
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct DependencyGraphNode {
@@ -16,7 +21,29 @@ pub struct DependencyGraphNode {
     pub ty: DependencyType,
 }
 
-pub type DependencyGraph = BTreeMap<PackageNames, BTreeMap<Version, DependencyGraphNode>>;
+impl DependencyGraphNode {
+    pub fn base_folder(&self, project_target: TargetKind, is_top_level: bool) -> String {
+        if is_top_level || self.pkg_ref.use_new_structure() {
+            project_target.packages_folder(&self.pkg_ref.target_kind())
+        } else {
+            "..".to_string()
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn container_folder<P: AsRef<Path>>(
+        &self,
+        path: &P,
+        name: &PackageNames,
+        version: &Version,
+    ) -> PathBuf {
+        path.as_ref()
+            .join(name.escaped())
+            .join(version.to_string())
+            .join(name.as_str().1)
+    }
+}
+
+pub type DependencyGraph = Graph<DependencyGraphNode>;
 
 pub fn insert_node(
     graph: &mut DependencyGraph,
@@ -50,6 +77,14 @@ pub fn insert_node(
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct DownloadedDependencyGraphNode {
+    pub node: DependencyGraphNode,
+    pub target: Target,
+}
+
+pub type DownloadedGraph = Graph<DownloadedDependencyGraphNode>;
+
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Lockfile {
     pub name: PackageName,
diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs
index 4fd0012..66b45ca 100644
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use crate::cli::get_token;
 use clap::Parser;
 use colored::Colorize;
 use pesde::{AuthConfig, Project};
+use std::fs::create_dir_all;
 
 mod cli;
 
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ fn main() {
     let cli = Cli::parse();
 
     let data_dir = project_dirs.data_dir();
+    create_dir_all(data_dir).expect("failed to create data directory");
 
     if let Err(err) = get_token(data_dir).and_then(|token| {
         cli.subcommand.run(Project::new(
@@ -35,16 +37,33 @@ fn main() {
             AuthConfig::new().with_pesde_token(token),
         ))
     }) {
-        eprintln!("{}: {}\n", "error".red().bold(), err.to_string().bold());
+        eprintln!("{}: {err}\n", "error".red().bold());
 
         let cause = err.chain().skip(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
         if !cause.is_empty() {
             eprintln!("{}:", "caused by".red().bold());
             for err in cause {
-                eprintln!("  - {}", err.to_string().bold());
+                eprintln!("  - {err}");
             }
         }
+
+        let backtrace = err.backtrace();
+        match backtrace.status() {
+            std::backtrace::BacktraceStatus::Disabled => {
+                eprintln!(
+                    "\n{}: set RUST_BACKTRACE=1 for a backtrace",
+                    "help".yellow().bold()
+                );
+            }
+            std::backtrace::BacktraceStatus::Captured => {
+                eprintln!("\n{}:\n{backtrace}", "backtrace".yellow().bold());
+            }
+            _ => {
+                eprintln!("\n{}: not captured", "backtrace".yellow().bold());
+            }
+        }
+
         std::process::exit(1);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/manifest.rs b/src/manifest.rs
index 8acb79f..52756f0 100644
--- a/src/manifest.rs
+++ b/src/manifest.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use relative_path::RelativePathBuf;
 use semver::Version;
-use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
 use serde_with::{DeserializeFromStr, SerializeDisplay};
 use std::{
     collections::BTreeMap,
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ impl TargetKind {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "snake_case", tag = "environment", remote = "Self")]
 pub enum Target {
     #[cfg(feature = "roblox")]
@@ -75,6 +75,39 @@ pub enum Target {
     },
 }
 
+impl Target {
+    pub fn kind(&self) -> TargetKind {
+        match self {
+            #[cfg(feature = "roblox")]
+            Target::Roblox { .. } => TargetKind::Roblox,
+            #[cfg(feature = "lune")]
+            Target::Lune { .. } => TargetKind::Lune,
+            #[cfg(feature = "luau")]
+            Target::Luau { .. } => TargetKind::Luau,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn lib_path(&self) -> Option<&RelativePathBuf> {
+        match self {
+            #[cfg(feature = "roblox")]
+            Target::Roblox { lib } => Some(lib),
+            #[cfg(feature = "lune")]
+            Target::Lune { lib, .. } => lib.as_ref(),
+            #[cfg(feature = "luau")]
+            Target::Luau { lib, .. } => lib.as_ref(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Serialize for Target {
+    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+    where
+        S: Serializer,
+    {
+        Self::serialize(self, serializer)
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Target {
     fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
     where
@@ -115,19 +148,6 @@ impl Display for Target {
     }
 }
 
-impl Target {
-    pub fn kind(&self) -> TargetKind {
-        match self {
-            #[cfg(feature = "roblox")]
-            Target::Roblox { .. } => TargetKind::Roblox,
-            #[cfg(feature = "lune")]
-            Target::Lune { .. } => TargetKind::Lune,
-            #[cfg(feature = "luau")]
-            Target::Luau { .. } => TargetKind::Luau,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(
     Debug, DeserializeFromStr, SerializeDisplay, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord,
 )]
@@ -189,10 +209,10 @@ pub struct Manifest {
     pub scripts: BTreeMap<String, RelativePathBuf>,
     #[serde(default)]
     pub indices: BTreeMap<String, url::Url>,
-    #[cfg(feature = "wally")]
+    #[cfg(feature = "wally-compat")]
     #[serde(default)]
     pub wally_indices: BTreeMap<String, url::Url>,
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "wally", feature = "roblox"))]
+    #[cfg(all(feature = "wally-compat", feature = "roblox"))]
     #[serde(default)]
     pub sourcemap_generator: Option<String>,
     #[serde(default)]
diff --git a/src/names.rs b/src/names.rs
index ac1cfa8..b47c202 100644
--- a/src/names.rs
+++ b/src/names.rs
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@ impl PackageName {
     pub fn as_str(&self) -> (&str, &str) {
         (&self.0, &self.1)
     }
+
+    pub fn escaped(&self) -> String {
+        format!("{}+{}", self.0, self.1)
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, Clone, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
@@ -70,6 +74,20 @@ pub enum PackageNames {
     Pesde(PackageName),
 }
 
+impl PackageNames {
+    pub fn as_str(&self) -> (&str, &str) {
+        match self {
+            PackageNames::Pesde(name) => name.as_str(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn escaped(&self) -> String {
+        match self {
+            PackageNames::Pesde(name) => name.escaped(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl Display for PackageNames {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
diff --git a/src/resolver.rs b/src/resolver.rs
index 225f690..ca4c93c 100644
--- a/src/resolver.rs
+++ b/src/resolver.rs
@@ -11,19 +11,17 @@ use semver::Version;
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};
 
 impl Project {
-    // TODO: implement dependency overrides
+    // TODO: implement dependency overrides, account for targets using the is_compatible_with method
     pub fn dependency_graph(
         &self,
         previous_graph: Option<&DependencyGraph>,
+        refreshed_sources: &mut HashSet<PackageSources>,
     ) -> Result<DependencyGraph, Box<errors::DependencyGraphError>> {
         let manifest = self.deser_manifest().map_err(|e| Box::new(e.into()))?;
 
-        let mut all_dependencies = manifest
+        let mut all_specifiers = manifest
             .all_dependencies()
-            .map_err(|e| Box::new(e.into()))?;
-
-        let mut all_specifiers = all_dependencies
-            .clone()
+            .map_err(|e| Box::new(e.into()))?
             .into_iter()
             .map(|(alias, (spec, ty))| ((spec, ty), alias))
             .collect::<HashMap<_, _>>();
@@ -38,14 +36,12 @@ impl Project {
                         continue;
                     };
 
-                    match all_specifiers.remove(&(specifier.clone(), node.ty)) {
-                        Some(alias) => {
-                            all_dependencies.remove(&alias);
-                        }
-                        None => {
-                            // this dependency is no longer in the manifest, or it's type has changed
-                            continue;
-                        }
+                    if all_specifiers
+                        .remove(&(specifier.clone(), node.ty))
+                        .is_none()
+                    {
+                        // this dependency is no longer in the manifest, or it's type has changed
+                        continue;
                     }
 
                     log::debug!("resolved {}@{} from old dependency graph", name, version);
@@ -96,10 +92,9 @@ impl Project {
             }
         }
 
-        let mut refreshed_sources = HashSet::new();
-        let mut queue = all_dependencies
+        let mut queue = all_specifiers
             .into_iter()
-            .map(|(alias, (spec, ty))| (alias, spec, ty, None::<(PackageNames, Version)>, 0usize))
+            .map(|((spec, ty), alias)| (alias, spec, ty, None::<(PackageNames, Version)>, 0usize))
             .collect::<VecDeque<_>>();
 
         while let Some((alias, specifier, ty, dependant, depth)) = queue.pop_front() {
diff --git a/src/source/mod.rs b/src/source/mod.rs
index c6c1893..9ce172c 100644
--- a/src/source/mod.rs
+++ b/src/source/mod.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
-use crate::{manifest::DependencyType, names::PackageNames, Project};
-use semver::Version;
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::{
     collections::BTreeMap,
     fmt::{Debug, Display},
     path::Path,
 };
 
+use semver::Version;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use crate::{
+    manifest::{DependencyType, Target, TargetKind},
+    names::PackageNames,
+    Project,
+};
+
 pub mod pesde;
 
 pub(crate) fn hash<S: std::hash::Hash>(struc: &S) -> String {
@@ -20,7 +26,7 @@ pub(crate) fn hash<S: std::hash::Hash>(struc: &S) -> String {
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 #[serde(untagged)]
 pub enum DependencySpecifiers {
-    Pesde(pesde::PesdeDependencySpecifier),
+    Pesde(pesde::specifier::PesdeDependencySpecifier),
 }
 pub trait DependencySpecifier: Debug + Display {}
 impl DependencySpecifier for DependencySpecifiers {}
@@ -35,10 +41,12 @@ impl Display for DependencySpecifiers {
 
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
 pub enum PackageRefs {
-    Pesde(pesde::PesdePackageRef),
+    Pesde(pesde::pkg_ref::PesdePackageRef),
 }
 pub trait PackageRef: Debug {
     fn dependencies(&self) -> &BTreeMap<String, (DependencySpecifiers, DependencyType)>;
+    fn use_new_structure(&self) -> bool;
+    fn target_kind(&self) -> TargetKind;
 }
 impl PackageRef for PackageRefs {
     fn dependencies(&self) -> &BTreeMap<String, (DependencySpecifiers, DependencyType)> {
@@ -46,6 +54,18 @@ impl PackageRef for PackageRefs {
             PackageRefs::Pesde(pkg_ref) => pkg_ref.dependencies(),
         }
     }
+
+    fn use_new_structure(&self) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            PackageRefs::Pesde(pkg_ref) => pkg_ref.use_new_structure(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn target_kind(&self) -> TargetKind {
+        match self {
+            PackageRefs::Pesde(pkg_ref) => pkg_ref.target_kind(),
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 pub type ResolveResult<Ref> = (PackageNames, BTreeMap<Version, Ref>);
@@ -76,7 +96,7 @@ pub trait PackageSource: Debug {
         pkg_ref: &Self::Ref,
         destination: &Path,
         project: &Project,
-    ) -> Result<(), Self::DownloadError>;
+    ) -> Result<Target, Self::DownloadError>;
 }
 impl PackageSource for PackageSources {
     type Ref = PackageRefs;
@@ -119,7 +139,7 @@ impl PackageSource for PackageSources {
         pkg_ref: &Self::Ref,
         destination: &Path,
         project: &Project,
-    ) -> Result<(), Self::DownloadError> {
+    ) -> Result<Target, Self::DownloadError> {
         match (self, pkg_ref) {
             (PackageSources::Pesde(source), PackageRefs::Pesde(pkg_ref)) => source
                 .download(pkg_ref, destination, project)
diff --git a/src/source/pesde.rs b/src/source/pesde/mod.rs
similarity index 92%
rename from src/source/pesde.rs
rename to src/source/pesde/mod.rs
index 5568083..d29fb81 100644
--- a/src/source/pesde.rs
+++ b/src/source/pesde/mod.rs
@@ -1,63 +1,22 @@
-use std::{
-    collections::BTreeMap,
-    fmt::{Debug, Display},
-    hash::Hash,
-    path::Path,
-};
+use std::{collections::BTreeMap, fmt::Debug, hash::Hash, path::Path};
 
 use gix::remote::Direction;
-use semver::{Version, VersionReq};
+use semver::Version;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
+use pkg_ref::PesdePackageRef;
+use specifier::PesdeDependencySpecifier;
+
 use crate::{
     authenticate_conn,
-    manifest::{DependencyType, TargetKind},
+    manifest::{DependencyType, Target},
     names::{PackageName, PackageNames},
-    source::{
-        hash, DependencySpecifier, DependencySpecifiers, PackageRef, PackageSource, ResolveResult,
-    },
+    source::{hash, DependencySpecifiers, PackageSource, ResolveResult},
     Project, REQWEST_CLIENT,
 };
 
-#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-pub struct PesdeDependencySpecifier {
-    pub name: PackageName,
-    pub version: VersionReq,
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub index: Option<String>,
-}
-impl DependencySpecifier for PesdeDependencySpecifier {}
-
-impl Display for PesdeDependencySpecifier {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{}@{}", self.name, self.version)
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
-pub struct PesdePackageRef {
-    name: PackageName,
-    version: Version,
-    index_url: gix::Url,
-    dependencies: BTreeMap<String, (DependencySpecifiers, DependencyType)>,
-}
-impl PackageRef for PesdePackageRef {
-    fn dependencies(&self) -> &BTreeMap<String, (DependencySpecifiers, DependencyType)> {
-        &self.dependencies
-    }
-}
-
-impl Ord for PesdePackageRef {
-    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> std::cmp::Ordering {
-        self.version.cmp(&other.version)
-    }
-}
-
-impl PartialOrd for PesdePackageRef {
-    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<std::cmp::Ordering> {
-        Some(self.cmp(other))
-    }
-}
+pub mod pkg_ref;
+pub mod specifier;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
 pub struct PesdePackageSource {
@@ -359,6 +318,7 @@ impl PackageSource for PesdePackageSource {
                             version: entry.version,
                             index_url: self.repo_url.clone(),
                             dependencies: entry.dependencies,
+                            target: entry.target,
                         },
                     )
                 })
@@ -371,7 +331,7 @@ impl PackageSource for PesdePackageSource {
         pkg_ref: &Self::Ref,
         destination: &Path,
         project: &Project,
-    ) -> Result<(), Self::DownloadError> {
+    ) -> Result<Target, Self::DownloadError> {
         let config = self.config(project)?;
 
         let (scope, name) = pkg_ref.name.as_str();
@@ -397,7 +357,7 @@ impl PackageSource for PesdePackageSource {
 
         archive.unpack(destination)?;
 
-        Ok(())
+        Ok(pkg_ref.target.clone())
     }
 }
 
@@ -432,7 +392,7 @@ impl IndexConfig {
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct IndexFileEntry {
     pub version: Version,
-    pub target: TargetKind,
+    pub target: Target,
     #[serde(default = "chrono::Utc::now")]
     pub published_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
 
diff --git a/src/source/pesde/pkg_ref.rs b/src/source/pesde/pkg_ref.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9889863
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/source/pesde/pkg_ref.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+
+use semver::Version;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use crate::{
+    manifest::{DependencyType, Target, TargetKind},
+    names::PackageName,
+    source::{DependencySpecifiers, PackageRef},
+};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct PesdePackageRef {
+    pub name: PackageName,
+    pub version: Version,
+    pub index_url: gix::Url,
+    pub dependencies: BTreeMap<String, (DependencySpecifiers, DependencyType)>,
+    pub target: Target,
+}
+impl PackageRef for PesdePackageRef {
+    fn dependencies(&self) -> &BTreeMap<String, (DependencySpecifiers, DependencyType)> {
+        &self.dependencies
+    }
+
+    fn use_new_structure(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
+    fn target_kind(&self) -> TargetKind {
+        self.target.kind()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Ord for PesdePackageRef {
+    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> std::cmp::Ordering {
+        self.version.cmp(&other.version)
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialOrd for PesdePackageRef {
+    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<std::cmp::Ordering> {
+        Some(self.cmp(other))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/source/pesde/specifier.rs b/src/source/pesde/specifier.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7fa9d15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/source/pesde/specifier.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+use crate::{names::PackageName, source::DependencySpecifier};
+use semver::VersionReq;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::fmt::Display;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub struct PesdeDependencySpecifier {
+    pub name: PackageName,
+    pub version: VersionReq,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub index: Option<String>,
+}
+impl DependencySpecifier for PesdeDependencySpecifier {}
+
+impl Display for PesdeDependencySpecifier {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}@{}", self.name, self.version)
+    }
+}