# New Type Solver
- Implement bidirectional type inference for higher order functions so
that we can provide a more precise type improving the autocomplete's
human factors.
- We seal all tables, so we changed the stringification to make it a
little lighter on users.
- Fixed a case of array-out-of-bound access.
- Type families no longer depends on `TxnLog` and `Unifier`.
- Type refinements now waits until the free types are sufficiently
solved.
# Native Code Generation
- Remove cached slot lookup for `executeSETTABLEKS` function because it
is a fallback in the event of a cache miss, making the cached slot
lookup redundant.
- Optimized repeated array lookups, e.g. `a[3]` in `a[3] = a[3] / 2` is
done once.
# Misc
- On some platforms, it is necessary to use `gmtime_s` with the
arguments reversed to get the current time. You can now define
`DOCTEST_CONFIG_USE_GMTIME_S` to build and run unit tests on those
platforms.
---------
Co-authored-by: Arseny Kapoulkine <arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vyacheslav Egorov <vegorov@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Andy Friesen <afriesen@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Lily Brown <lbrown@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Aaron Weiss <aaronweiss@roblox.com>
- Cleaned up `FFlag::FixFindBindingAtFunctionName`,
`FFlag::LuauNormalizeBlockedTypes`, `FFlag::LuauPCallDebuggerFix`
- Added support for break and continue into control flow analysis
- The old type unification engine will now report a more fine-grained
error at times, indicating that type normalization in particular failed
# New Type Solver
- Refactor of Unifier2, the new unification implementation for Luau
- Completed MVP of new unification implementation
- Dramatically simplified overload selection logic
- Type family reduction can now apply sooner to free types that have
been solved
- Subtyping now supports table indexers
- Generalization now replaces bad generics with unknown
# Native Code Generation
- Reduce stack spills caused by FINDUPVAL and STORE_TAG
- Improve Generate SHL/SHR/SAR/rotates with immediate operands in X64
- Removed redundant case re-check in table lookup fallback
---------
Co-authored-by: Arseny Kapoulkine <arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vyacheslav Egorov <vegorov@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Andy Friesen <afriesen@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Lily Brown <lbrown@roblox.com>
* Rerun clang-format on the code
* Fix the variance on indexer result subtyping. This fixes some issues
with inconsistent error reporting.
* Fix a bug in the normalization logic for intersections of strings
New Type Solver
* New overload selection logic
* Subtype tests now correctly treat a generic as its upper bound within
that generic's scope
* Semantic subtyping for negation types
* Semantic subtyping between strings and compatible table types like
`{lower: (string) -> string}`
* Further work toward finalizing our new subtype test
* Correctly generalize module-scope symbols
Native Codegen
* Lowering statistics for assembly
* Make executable allocation size/limit configurable without a rebuild.
Use `FInt::LuauCodeGenBlockSize` and `FInt::LuauCodeGenMaxTotalSize`.
---------
Co-authored-by: Arseny Kapoulkine <arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vyacheslav Egorov <vegorov@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Lily Brown <lbrown@roblox.com>
* Fixed indexing table intersections using `x["prop"]` syntax:
https://github.com/Roblox/luau/pull/971
* Add console output codepage for Windows:
https://github.com/Roblox/luau/pull/967
* Added `Frontend::parse` for a fast source graph preparation
* luau_load should check GC
* Work toward a type-diff system for nicer error messages
New Solver
* Correctly suppress errors in more cases
* Further improvements to typechecking of function calls and return
statements
* Crash fixes
* Propagate refinements drawn from the condition of a while loop into
the loop body
JIT
* Fix accidental bailout for math.frexp/modf/sign in A64
* Work toward bringing type annotation info in
* Do not propagate Luau IR constants of wrong type into load
instructions
* CHECK_SAFEENV exits to VM on failure
* Implement error handling in A64 reg allocator
* Inline the string.len builtin
* Do not enter native code of a function if arguments don’t match
---------
Co-authored-by: Arseny Kapoulkine <arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vyacheslav Egorov <vegorov@roblox.com>
* Added luau-compile executable target to build/test compilation without
having full REPL included.
In our new typechecker:
* Fixed the order in which constraints are checked to get more
deterministic errors in different environments
* Fixed `isNumber`/`isString` checks to fix false positive errors in
binary comparisons
* CannotCallNonFunction error is reported when calling an intersection
type of non-functions
In our native code generation (jit):
* Outlined X64 return instruction code to improve code size
* Improved performance of return instruction on A64
* Added construction of a dominator tree for future optimizations
Lots of things going on this week:
* Fix a crash that could occur in the presence of a cyclic union. We
shouldn't be creating cyclic unions, but we shouldn't be crashing when
they arise either.
* Minor cleanup of `luau_precall`
* Internal change to make L->top handling slightly more uniform
* Optimize SETGLOBAL & GETGLOBAL fallback C functions.
* https://github.com/Roblox/luau/pull/929
* The syntax to the `luau-reduce` commandline tool has changed. It now
accepts a script, a command to execute, and an error to search for. It
no longer automatically passes the script to the command which makes it
a lot more flexible. Also be warned that it edits the script it is
passed **in place**. Do not point it at something that is not in source
control!
New solver
* Switch to a greedier but more fallible algorithm for simplifying union
and intersection types that are created as part of refinement
calculation. This has much better and more predictable performance.
* Fix a constraint cycle in recursive function calls.
* Much improved inference of binary addition. Functions like `function
add(x, y) return x + y end` can now be inferred without annotations. We
also accurately typecheck calls to functions like this.
* Many small bugfixes surrounding things like table indexers
* Add support for indexers on class types. This was previously added to
the old solver; we now add it to the new one for feature parity.
JIT
* https://github.com/Roblox/luau/pull/931
* Fuse key.value and key.tt loads for CEHCK_SLOT_MATCH in A64
* Implement remaining aliases of BFM for A64
* Implement new callinfo flag for A64
* Add instruction simplification for int->num->int conversion chains
* Don't even load execdata for X64 calls
* Treat opcode fallbacks the same as manually written fallbacks
---------
Co-authored-by: Arseny Kapoulkine <arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vyacheslav Egorov <vegorov@roblox.com>
* `Luau.Analyze.CLI` now has experimental support for concurrent type
checking. Use the option `-jN` where `N` is the number of threads to
spawn.
* Improve typechecking performance by ~17% by making the function
`Luau::follow` much more efficient.
* Tighten up the type of `os.date`
* Removed `ParseOptions::allowTypeAnnotations` and
`ParseOptions::supportContinueStatement`
New solver
* Improve the reliability of function overload resolution
* More work toward supporting parallel type checking
* Fix a bug in inference of `==` and `~=` which would erroneously infer
that the operands were `boolean`
* Better error reporting when `for...in` loops are used incorrectly.
CodeGen
* Fix unwind registration when libunwind is used on Linux
* Fixed replaced IR instruction use count
* Convert X64 unwind info generation to standard prologue
* Implement A64 unwind info support for Dwarf2
* Live in/out data for linear blocks is now created
* Add side-exit VM register requirements to the IR dump
* Reuse ConstPropState between block chains
* Remove redundant base update
---------
Co-authored-by: Arseny Kapoulkine <arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vyacheslav Egorov <vegorov@roblox.com>
* `table.sort` was improved further. It now guarentees N*log(N) time
complexity in the worst case.
* Fix https://github.com/Roblox/luau/issues/880
We are also working on fixing final bugs and crashes in the new type
solver.
On the CodeGen front we have a few things going on:
* We have a smarter register allocator for the x86 JIT
* We lower more instructions on arm64
* The vector constructor builtin is now translated to IR
---------
Co-authored-by: Arseny Kapoulkine <arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vyacheslav Egorov <vegorov@roblox.com>
Once again, all of our changes this week are for new type solver and the
JIT.
In the new type solver, we fixed cyclic type alias handling and multiple
stability issues.
In the JIT, our main progress was for arm64, where, after lowering 36%
of instructions, we start seeing first Luau functions executing
natively.
For x64, we performed code cleanup and refactoring to allow for future
optimizations.
All of our changes this week have been focused on the new type solver
and the JIT.
As we march toward feature parity with the old solver, we've tightened
up a bunch of lingering issues with overload resolution, unsealed
tables, and type normalization. We've also fixed a bunch of crashes and
assertion failures in the new solver.
On the JIT front, we've started work on an A64 backend, improved the IR
analysis in a bunch of cases, and implemented assembly generation for
the builtin functions `type()` and `typeof()`.
---------
Co-authored-by: Arseny Kapoulkine <arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vyacheslav Egorov <vegorov@roblox.com>
* A small subset of control-flow refinements have been added to
recognize type options that are unreachable after a
conditional/unconditional code block. (Fixes
https://github.com/Roblox/luau/issues/356).
Some examples:
```lua
local function f(x: string?)
if not x then return end
-- x is 'string' here
end
```
Throwing calls like `error` or `assert(false)` instead of 'return' are
also recognized.
Existing complex refinements like type/typeof and tagged union checks
are expected to work, among others.
To enable this feature, `LuauTinyControlFlowAnalysis` exclusion has to
be removed from `ExperimentalFlags.h`.
If will become enabled unconditionally in the near future.
* Linter has been integrated into the typechecker analysis so that
type-aware lint warnings can work in any mode
`Frontend::lint` methods were deprecated, `Frontend::check` has to be
used instead with `runLintChecks` option set.
Resulting lint warning are located inside `CheckResult`.
* Fixed large performance drop and increased memory consumption when
array is filled at an offset (Fixes
https://github.com/Roblox/luau/issues/590)
* Part of [Type error suppression
RFC](https://github.com/Roblox/luau/blob/master/rfcs/type-error-suppression.md)
was implemented making subtyping checks with `any` type transitive.
---
In our work on the new type-solver:
* `--!nocheck` mode no longer reports type errors
* New solver will not be used for `--!nonstrict` modules until all
issues with strict mode typechecking are fixed
* Added control-flow aware type refinements mentioned earlier
In native code generation:
* `LOP_NAMECALL` has been translated to IR
* `type` and `typeof` builtin fastcalls have been translated to
IR/assembly
* Additional steps were taken towards arm64 support
* Fix#817
* Fix#850
* Optimize math.floor/ceil/round with SSE4.1
* Results in a ~7-9% speedup on the math-cordic benchmark.
* Optimized table.sort.
* table.sort is now ~4.1x faster (when not using a predicate) and ~2.1x
faster when using a simple predicate. Performance may improve further in
the future.
* Reorganize the memory ownership of builtin type definitions.
* This is a small initial step toward affording parallel typechecking.
The new type solver is coming along nicely. We are working on fixing
crashes and bugs.
A few major changes to native codegen landed this week:
* Fixed lowering of Luau IR mod instruction when first argument is a
constant
* Added VM register data-flow/capture analysis
* Fixed issues with optimizations in unreachable blocks
---------
Co-authored-by: Arseny Kapoulkine <arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vyacheslav Egorov <vegorov@roblox.com>
* Fixed incorrect lexeme generated for string parts in the middle of an
interpolated string (Fixes https://github.com/Roblox/luau/issues/744)
* DeprecatedApi lint can report some issues without type inference
information
* Fixed performance of autocomplete requests when suggestions have large
intersection types (Solves
https://github.com/Roblox/luau/discussions/847)
* Marked `table.getn`/`foreach`/`foreachi` as deprecated ([RFC:
Deprecate
table.getn/foreach/foreachi](https://github.com/Roblox/luau/blob/master/rfcs/deprecate-table-getn-foreach.md))
* With -O2 optimization level, we now optimize builtin calls based on
known argument/return count.
Note that this change can be observable if `getfenv/setfenv` is used to
substitute a builtin, especially if arity is different.
Fastcall heavy tests show a 1-2% improvement.
* Luau can now be built with clang-cl (Fixes
https://github.com/Roblox/luau/issues/736)
We also made many improvements to our experimental components.
For our new type solver:
* Overhauled data flow analysis system, fixed issues with 'repeat'
loops, global variables and type annotations
* Type refinements now work on generic table indexing with a string
literal
* Type refinements will properly track potentially 'nil' values (like
t[x] for a missing key) and their further refinements
* Internal top table type is now isomorphic to `{}` which fixes issues
when `typeof(v) == 'table'` type refinement is handled
* References to non-existent types in type annotations no longer resolve
to 'error' type like in old solver
* Improved handling of class unions in property access expressions
* Fixed default type packs
* Unsealed tables can now have metatables
* Restored expected types for function arguments
And for native code generation:
* Added min and max IR instructions mapping to vminsd/vmaxsd on x64
* We now speculatively extract direct execution fast-paths based on
expected types of expressions which provides better optimization
opportunities inside a single basic block
* Translated existing math fastcalls to IR form to improve tag guard
removal and constant propagation
* Fixed rare use-after-free in analysis during table unification
A lot of work these past months went into two new Luau components:
* A near full rewrite of the typechecker using a new deferred constraint
resolution system
* Native code generation for AoT/JiT compilation of VM bytecode into x64
(avx)/arm64 instructions
Both of these components are far from finished and we don't provide
documentation on building and using them at this point.
However, curious community members expressed interest in learning about
changes that go into these components each week, so we are now listing
them here in the 'sync' pull request descriptions.
---
New typechecker can be enabled by setting
DebugLuauDeferredConstraintResolution flag to 'true'.
It is considered unstable right now, so try it at your own risk.
Even though it already provides better type inference than the current
one in some cases, our main goal right now is to reach feature parity
with current typechecker.
Features which improve over the capabilities of the current typechecker
are marked as '(NEW)'.
Changes to new typechecker:
* Regular for loop index and parameters are now typechecked
* Invalid type annotations on local variables are ignored to improve
autocomplete
* Fixed missing autocomplete type suggestions for function arguments
* Type reduction is now performed to produce simpler types to be
presented to the user (error messages, custom LSPs)
* Internally, complex types like '((number | string) & ~(false?)) |
string' can be produced, which is just 'string | number' when simplified
* Fixed spots where support for unknown and never types was missing
* (NEW) Length operator '#' is now valid to use on top table type, this
type comes up when doing typeof(x) == "table" guards and isn't available
in current typechecker
---
Changes to native code generation:
* Additional math library fast calls are now lowered to x64: math.ldexp,
math.round, math.frexp, math.modf, math.sign and math.clamp
* For autocomplete, additional information is included in Scope for type
alias name locations and names of imported modules
* Improved autocomplete suggestions in 'for' and 'while' loop headers
* String match functions return types are now optional strings and
numbers because match is not guaranteed at runtime
* Fixed build issue on gcc 11 and up (Fixes
https://github.com/Roblox/luau/issues/806)
* Fixed garbage data in module scopes when type graph is not retained
* LOP_MOVE with the same source and target registers is no longer
generated (Fixes https://github.com/Roblox/luau/issues/793)
* Fixed unions of `nil` types displaying as `?`
* Internal normalization now handles class types which can make
previously failing (incorrectly) sub-typing checks to succeed
* The AST JSON encoder will now stringify infinity and NaN according to the JSON5 spec using the tokens `Infinity`, `-Infinity`, and `NaN`.
* Improve autocompletion of table keys if the type of that key is a union of string singletons.
* Reduce the stack utilization of type checking.
* Improve the error message that's reported when a delimiting comma is
missing from a table literal. eg
```lua
local t = {
first = 1
second = 2
}```
* https://github.com/Roblox/luau/pull/719
* Improved `Failed to unify type packs` error message to be reported as
`Type pack 'X' could not be converted into 'Y'`
* https://github.com/Roblox/luau/pull/722
* 1% reduction in executed instruction count by removing a check in fast
call dispatch
* Additional fixes to reported error location of OOM errors in VM
* Improve `math.sqrt`, `math.floor` and `math.ceil` performance on
additional compilers and platforms (1-2% geomean improvement including
8-9% on math-cordic)
* All thrown exceptions by Luau analysis are derived from
`Luau::InternalCompilerError`
* When a call site has fewer arguments than required, error now reports
the location of the function name instead of the argument to the
function
* https://github.com/Roblox/luau/pull/724
* Fixed https://github.com/Roblox/luau/issues/725
Co-authored-by: Arseny Kapoulkine <arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Andy Friesen <afriesen@roblox.com>
* Support `["prop"]` syntax on class definitions in definition files.
(#704)
* Improve type checking performance for complex overloaded functions
* Fix rare cases of incorrect stack traces for out of memory errors at
runtime
* Reoptimized math.min/max/bit32 builtins assuming at least 2 arguments are used (1-2% lift on some benchmarks)
* Type errors that mention function types no longer have redundant parenthesis around return type
* Luau REPL now supports --compile=remarks which displays the source code with optimization remarks embedded as comments
* Builtin calls are slightly faster when called with 1-2 arguments (~1% improvement in some benchmarks)
- Fix rare type checking bugs with invalid generic types escaping the
module scope
- Fix type checking of variadic type packs in certain cases
- Implement type normalization, which resolves a large set of various
issues with unions/intersections in type checker
- Improve parse errors for trailing commas in function calls and type
lists
- Reduce profiling skew when using --profile with very high frequencies
- Improve performance of `lua_getinfo` (`debug.info`, `debug.traceback`
and profiling overhead are now 20% faster/smaller)
- Improve performance of polymorphic comparisons (1-2% lift on some
benchmarks)
- Improve performance of closure creation (1-2% lift on some benchmarks)
- Improve string comparison performance (4% lift on string sorting)
- Remove type definitions of
`utf8.nfcnormalize`/`nfdnormalize`/`graphemes` that aren't supported by
standalone Luau library
- Add `lua_costatus` to retrieve extended thread status (similar to
`coroutine.status`)
- Improve GC sweeping performance (2-10% improvement on allocation-heavy
benchmarks)
- Fix autocomplete not suggesting globals defined after the cursor (fixes#622)
- Improve type checker stability
- Reduce parser C stack consumption which fixes some stack overflow crashes on deeply nested sources
- Improve performance of bit32.extract/replace when width is implied (~3% faster chess)
- Improve performance of bit32.extract when field/width are constants (~10% faster base64)
- Heap dump now annotates thread stacks with local variable/function names
* Adds a currently unused x86-64 assembler as a prerequisite for possible future JIT compilation
* Fix a bug in table iteration (closes Possible table iteration bug #504)
* Improved warning method when function is used as a type
* Fix a bug with unsandboxed iteration with pairs()
* Type of coroutine.status() is now a union of value types
* Bytecode output for tests/debugging now has labels
* Improvements to loop unrolling cost estimation
* Report errors when the key obviously doesn't exist in the table
